How To Make More Material Slots In 3ds Max

  
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Autodesk 3D Studio Max Materials You should use the Standard material type in Max, or the Multi/Sub-Object material type providing the materials it references are Standard materials. The highlighted areas in the screenshot below show the settings that are respected when you export to PlayCanvas: Supported Map Slots.

Reflections and environment

As you can see, the reflections look a bit dull. If you want nice reflections, you need something in your scene to reflect in the object. Instead of building a complete environment, there is a much easier way: hdri environment maps.

Go to an empty slot in the material editor and click the 'get material button'. In the material/map browser, scroll down and double click on the VrayHDRI map. Now in the HDRI map settings, click the browse button and choose any hdri map. There are a lot of free ones online, here the famous kitchen hdri map is used.

You can also find a lot of high quality maps here!

Or free hdri maps here!

This map is in the 'probe' format and you'll have to select 'angular as the mapping type in the VrayHDRI settings (see screenshot). Leave everything else default.

Now we have to assign the map to the environment of the scene. We will not use the Max environment, because Vray has its own environment options. Use the max environment only if you want your map to also show up in the background of your rendering.

Simply re-use the slots as necessary - materials already applied to objects will not be lost and can be acquired using the 'Pick material from scene' button if necessary. Type in 'editor slots' into the search box in the main Max Help. Material Map Slots Explanation. When creating materials, all texture files loaded need to be in.dds format. To open the Material browser, press “M” on your keyboard within 3ds Max. Change “Blinn” to “Phong” under Shader Basic Parameters (See Fig 3).

Go to the Vray environment rollout, turn on 'reflection/refraction environment override' and drag the hdri map from the material editor onto the map slot.

Our Exporter for 3ds Max 32 bit for Sirikata is designed to take the object and shader set up from 3D Studio Max directly into Sirikata and maintain the Material settings and properties. Users of other 3D packages such as Maya, XSI, etc, can model, UV Map (up to 3 UV sets), export the mesh using Collada, and import the mesh into 3ds Max. Assuming the user has their mesh in 3ds Max, we have provided this workflow document to guide users in the creation of Materials in 3ds Max. Users can then take their 3D meshes specifically optimized for Sirikata, and export them using the provided plugin.

  • 4Sirikata Material Types

Material Map Slots Explanation

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When creating materials, all texture files loaded need to be in .dds format. To open the Material browser, press “M” on your keyboard within 3ds Max. Change “Blinn” to “Phong” under Shader Basic Parameters (See Fig 3). Under the Phong Basic Parameters click on the small square gray box to the right of the word Diffuse (and to the right of the gray color picker rectangular box). Select Bitmap and navigate to the texture map you want. Below are all of the maps to use, accessed under the “Maps” dropdown menu.

Diffuse Color: Your Diffuse map goes here. This Map slot has the most versatility for combining multiple Color Maps, Dirt Maps, separate Ambient Occlusion Maps, and so on. Detailed Material creation combinations are covered later.

  1. Select Bitmap for the Diffuse Color.

Ambient Occlusion: (NEEDS CLARIFICATION)

  1. Select RGB Multiply for the Diffuse Color.
  2. Color #1 is always the Ambient Occlusion Map (which is Multiplied just as one would do in Photoshop)
  3. Color #2 can be:
    1. The Diffuse Color Map #1, loaded as a Bitmap, RGB Multiply, Composite, or Mix

Specular Color: (NEEDS CLARIFICATION)RGB Spec Map goes here.

Glossiness: (NEEDS CLARIFICATION)

  1. Experimental, may not have its own map

Self Illumination: Leave at 100%. This is for your Glow Map. Note you must also turn on Phong Basic Parameters > Self-Illumination > Check Color > Change the color picker to pure White

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  1. If no Diffuse Color Map, then embed the Alpha in this slot.
  2. Filter Color: Check this on and it will be the HDRI Glow Map, it is Self Illumination/Filter Color amount. Actual Glow amount = a percent of Filed of View in Sirikata

Opacity: Alpha Channels:

  1. Check it on, but this map is only needed to display properly in Max
  2. If it has an Alpha, it must match the Diffuse Texture Map in the Diffuse Color slot, and the Opacity slot must use the same Diffuse Texture Map
  3. Will be thrown out

Bump: Both the Normal Map and Bump Map go into this slot. Select Normal Bump, and enter the Bump Map under Additional Bump, place the Normal Map under the Normal slot

  1. Tangent Space
  2. Extra Expensive with Dirt Channel & Cruft

Reflection: Enter the Environment cube Map in this slot, good for large interiors.There is very little cost when rendering in-engine.

Steps for Creating and Assigning a Material

  1. Create either a Standard Mat, and if needed a Multi/Sub-Object Material (See Fig 5).
    1. Standard
      1. Under Shader Basic Parameters, change from Blinn to Phong.
    2. Multi/Sub-Object
      1. Click on the Standard material type, and change to Multi/Sub-Object by double clicking it from the menu.
      2. Discard the old material, and Set Number for the number of materials you want on the object. You can always change this later. Name each Sub-Material (this can be different than the actual Sub-Material name)
      3. Create the individual materials in new material slots. Be sure to name each one as you go. Drag and drop each new material into the correct Sub-Material Slot and choose Instance each time. This allows one to organize and work on the materials individually or through the single Multi/Sub-Object interface.

Left: A Standard material, with the shader changed from Blinn to Phong (a required step). Right: The Multi/Sub-Object dialogs. All necessary buttons have been highlighted:

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How To Make More Material Slots In 3ds Max


Hard Rules for Materials Creation

  1. Maximum Maps per Material is 10
    1. The maximum number of unique texture maps on any material is 10
  2. Match the Diffuse and Specular Maps in order, Material Type, and UV Set #’s
    1. The structure of the Maps in the Diffuse (after the AO RGB Multiply) and Spec should be the same.
    2. Provide Example Here
  3. The AO alpha channel will always be applied to the 2nd material
    1. Except the Normal
  4. One Bump Map Allowed
    1. The Bump map is by far the most expensive texture map to use (only if you have more than one UV set)
    2. Never try to use more than one, and if a Bump doesn’t provide enough effect, do not use it at all.
  5. Map #2 for all materials must have matching UV Sets
  6. UV Set #2 and #3 should be upright (perpendicular)
    1. Tiling UV Set #2 should usually be upright (not rotated) and scaled to the correct Units (Determined by the size of your materials and the objects that are sharing those same materials). Most tileable textures are designed to tile in the upright position. If one makes a texture that runs parallel to the ground, then consult with the art team before completion.
    2. This should also keep normals aligned to the tangent space.
  7. Maximum of 3 UV Sets
    1. Multiple UV Channels (up to 3)
  8. Alpha Channels (Making Masks)
    1. To make your Texture Map use and Alpha it must have the following radio buttons checked un the Bitmap Parameters dialog
      1. Mono Channel Output: Radio on for Alpha
      2. RGB Channel Out: Radio on for Alpha as Gray
      3. Alpha Source: Radio on for Image Alpha
      4. Check on Premultiplied Alpha
    2. To make a texture with an Alpha do the following:
      1. Load your texture with the alpha channel into the Opacity slot under Maps, check it on, and make sure it is 100 for the Amount
      2. The texture one uses for the Opacity slot must be the same map used in the first Diffuse Color slot.
      3. They must also use the same UV Set.
    3. If your Material is 1-Sided (only visible from one side), it will not count as a new Material
    4. If your Material is 2-Sided (only visible from one side), it will as a new Material. Check the Make 2-Sided (See Fig 3) box under Shader Basic Parameters.
    5. Only 3 of the following Maps can be used on a given material:
      1. Glow
      2. 3rd Spec
      3. 3rd Diffuse
      4. 2nd Normal
      5. Reflection
    6. Addtionally, only 2 of the following maps can be used on a given material:
      1. Glow
      2. 3rd Spec
      3. Reflection
  9. Specular Color can’t have more maps than in Diffuse Color
  10. Cost Considerations
    1. Little Glow & AO

Each new UV Set is another Multiple for the cost of a bump

Sirikata Material Types

BASIC MATERIAL

  1. AO
    1. Fill in with white .dds
  2. Glow
    1. Black .dds
    2. Self Illumination
  3. One Color, UV Set 1
  4. One Specular, UV Set 1
  5. One Normal Bump
    1. One Normal, UV Set 1
    2. One Bump, UV Set 1

Limitations: This material cannot use Ambient Occlusion, glow, reflection, environment, or grunge maps.

BASIC MATERIAL, no Bump

  1. AO
    1. Fill in with white .dds
  2. Glow
    1. Black .dds
    2. Self Illumination
  3. One Color, UV Set 1
  4. One Specular, UV Set 1
  5. One Normal Bump
    1. One Normal, UV Set 1

Limitations: This material cannot use Ambient Occlusion, glow, reflection, environment, or grunge maps.)

SINGLE DIFFUSE, Max Detail

One Diffuse with Ambient Occlusion and Grunge and Additional Normal on UV Set 1

DIFFUSE COLOR

SPECULAR COLOR

BUMP NormBump

SINGLE DIFFUSE, less detailed, using the Mix material for the Normal maps (NOT DONE YET)

One Diffuse with Ambient Occlusion and Grunge and Additional Normal on UV Set 1

DIFFUSE COLOR

RBG Multiply

Color 2 Grunge UV Set 3SPECULAR COLOR

BUMP

TWO DIFFUSE, using the Mix material

Two Diffuse Maps (Diffuse Map 2 is masked off by the alpha channel of the AO map) with Ambient Occlusion and Grunge and Additional Normal on UV Set 1

DIFFUSE COLOR

Color 1 Diffuse 1 UV Set 2 Color 2 Diffuse 2 UV Set 2 Mix Amount AO UV Set 1

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SPECULAR COLOR

Color 1 Spec 1 UV Set 2 Color 2 Spec 2 UV Set 2 Mix Amount AO UV Set 1

BUMP

CAN WE NormBump

THREE DIFFUSE, using the Composite Material

Three Diffuse Maps (Diffuse Map 2 one is masked off by the alpha channel of the AO map, and Diffuse 3 has its own Premultiplied alpha) with Ambient Occlusion and NO Grunge and Additional Normal on UV Set 1

DIFFUSE COLOR

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SPECULAR COLOR

BUMP

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